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cd

cd 命令中文翻译

cd 的英文全称是 Change Directory(更改目录)。

. #一个点代表当前目录,两个点就代表上级目录
cd.. #切换到上级目录.
cd #只能进入目录,不能进入文件

更改 Shell 的工作目录。

将当前目录更改为指定的目录(DIR)。如果未指定 DIR,则默认使用 HOME 环境变量的值。

CDPATH 变量定义了包含 DIR 的目录搜索路径。CDPATH 中的备选目录名称用冒号(:)分隔。空的目录名称等同于当前目录。如果 DIR 以斜杠(/)开头,则不使用 CDPATH

如果未找到该目录,且 shell 选项 cdable_vars 已启用,则该词会被假定为变量名。如果该变量有值,则将其值用作 DIR。


选项说明

选项 说明
-L 强制跟随符号链接:在处理 .. 实例后,解析 DIR 中的符号链接
-P 使用物理目录结构,不跟随符号链接:在处理 .. 实例之前,解析 DIR 中的符号链接
-e 如果提供了 -P 选项,且无法成功确定当前工作目录,则以非零状态退出
-@ 在支持的系统上,将带有扩展属性的文件呈现为包含该文件属性的目录

默认行为

默认行为是跟随符号链接,就像指定了 -L 选项一样。

.. 的处理方式:移除紧邻的前一个路径名组件,回退到斜杠(/)或 DIR 的开头。


退出状态

状态 说明
0(成功) 目录已更改,并且在使用 -P 选项时 $PWD 设置成功
非零(失败) 目录更改失败

使用示例

# 切换到主目录
cd

# 切换到指定目录
cd /usr/local/bin

# 切换到相对路径
cd Documents/Projects

# 切换到上一个目录
cd -

# 使用物理路径(不跟随符号链接)
cd -P /some/symlink/path

# 使用变量作为目标目录
mydir=/home/user/Downloads
cd -P "$mydir"   # 如果启用了 cdable_vars,直接 cd mydir 即可

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